Ma frequency a siginecha pakugwiritsa ntchito radar yamagalimoto amasiyana pakati pa 30 ndi 300 GHz, ngakhale otsika mpaka 24 GHz.Mothandizidwa ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana ozungulira, zizindikirozi zimafalitsidwa kudzera mu njira zamakono zotumizira mauthenga monga mizere ya microstrip, mizere ya mizere, substrate Integrated waveguide (SIW) ndi maziko a coplanar waveguide (GCPW).Njira zamakono zopatsirana izi (mkuyu 1) zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi pa microwave, ndipo nthawi zina pamafunde a millimeter wave.Zipangizo zamtundu wa laminate zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pama frequency apamwambawa zimafunikira.Mzere wa Microstrip, monga ukadaulo wosavuta komanso womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, ukhoza kukwaniritsa kuyenerera kwapamwamba pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wanthawi zonse.Koma ma frequency atakwezedwa mpaka ma millimeter wave frequency, sangakhale mzere wabwino kwambiri wopatsira dera.Mzere uliwonse wopatsira uli ndi zabwino zake ndi zovuta zake.Mwachitsanzo, ngakhale mzere wa microstrip ndi wosavuta kuwongolera, uyenera kuthetsa vuto la kutayika kwakukulu kwa ma radiation mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma frequency a millimeter wave.
Chithunzi 1 Mukasintha kupita ku ma millimeter wave frequency, opanga ma microwave amayenera kuyang'anizana ndi kusankha kwaukadaulo wamagetsi anayi pamagetsi a microwave.
Ngakhale mawonekedwe otseguka a mzere wa microstrip ndiwosavuta kulumikizana ndi thupi, zimabweretsanso zovuta pama frequency apamwamba.Mu mzere wotumizira ma microstrip, mafunde a electromagnetic (EM) amafalikira kudzera mu kondakitala wa zinthu zozungulira ndi gawo lapansi la dielectric, koma mafunde ena amagetsi amafalikira mumlengalenga wozungulira.Chifukwa cha mpweya wochepa wa Dk, mphamvu ya Dk ya dera ndi yocheperapo kusiyana ndi yazitsulo zozungulira, zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa poyerekezera.Poyerekeza ndi otsika Dk, mabwalo opangidwa ndi zida zapamwamba za Dk amakonda kulepheretsa kufalikira kwa mafunde a electromagnetic ndikuchepetsa kufalikira.Chifukwa chake, zida zocheperako za Dk nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamayendedwe a millimeter wave.
Chifukwa pali mulingo wina wa mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi mumlengalenga, gawo la mzere wa microstrip limatuluka mumlengalenga, monga ngati mlongoti.Izi zipangitsa kutayika kosafunikira kwa ma radiation ku gawo la mzere wa microstrip, ndipo kutayika kumawonjezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa ma frequency, zomwe zimabweretsanso zovuta kwa opanga madera omwe amaphunzira mzere wa microstrip kuti achepetse kuwonongeka kwa ma radiation.Pofuna kuchepetsa kutayika kwa ma radiation, mizere ya microstrip imatha kupangidwa ndi zida zoyendera zokhala ndi ma Dk.Komabe, kuwonjezeka kwa Dk kudzachepetsa kufalikira kwa mafunde a electromagnetic (okhudzana ndi mpweya), zomwe zimapangitsa kusintha kwa gawo lazizindikiro.Njira ina ndikuchepetsa kutayika kwa ma radiation pogwiritsa ntchito zida zocheperako pokonza mizere ya microstrip.Komabe, poyerekeza ndi zida zokulirapo zozungulira, zida zowonda kwambiri zimatha kutengeka kwambiri ndi makulidwe amkuwa, zomwe zingayambitsenso kusintha kwa gawo linalake.
Ngakhale kasinthidwe ka microstrip line circuit ndi kophweka, microstrip line circuit mu millimeter wave band imafuna kuwongolera kolondola.Mwachitsanzo, makulidwe a kondakitala omwe amayenera kuyendetsedwa mosamalitsa, ndipo kuchulukitsa pafupipafupi, kulekerera kumakhala kolimba kwambiri.Choncho, mzere microstrip mu millimeter yoweyula pafupipafupi gulu ndi tcheru kwambiri kusintha luso processing, komanso makulidwe a zinthu dielectric ndi mkuwa zakuthupi, ndi kulolerana zofunika kukula dera chofunika kwambiri okhwima.
Stripline ndi ukadaulo wodalirika wotumizira mawayilesi, omwe amatha kugwira ntchito yabwino pama frequency a millimeter wave.Komabe, poyerekeza ndi mzere wa microstrip, chowongolera chamzere chazunguliridwa ndi sing'anga, kotero sikophweka kulumikiza cholumikizira kapena madoko ena olowera / zotulutsa ku mzere wolumikizira kuti utumize ma siginecha.Mzerewu ukhoza kuwonedwa ngati chingwe chathyathyathya coaxial, momwe kondakitala amakulungidwa ndi dielectric wosanjikiza ndiyeno wokutidwa ndi stratum.Kapangidwe kameneka kamatha kupereka zodzipatula zamtundu wapamwamba kwambiri, ndikusunga kufalikira kwa chizindikiro muzinthu zozungulira (osati mumlengalenga).Mafunde a electromagnetic nthawi zonse amafalikira kudzera muzinthu zozungulira.Dera la stripline limatha kutsatiridwa molingana ndi mawonekedwe azinthu zozungulira, osaganizira mphamvu yamagetsi amagetsi mumlengalenga.Komabe, woyendetsa dera wozunguliridwa ndi sing'anga ali pachiwopsezo cha kusintha kwaukadaulo waukadaulo, ndipo zovuta za kudyetsa chizindikiro zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti mzerewu upirire, makamaka pakakhala kukula kwa cholumikizira chaching'ono pamafupipafupi a millimeter wave.Chifukwa chake, kupatula mabwalo ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ma radar amagalimoto, mizere ya mizere nthawi zambiri sagwiritsidwa ntchito pamayendedwe a millimeter wave.
Chifukwa pali mulingo wina wa mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi mumlengalenga, gawo la mzere wa microstrip limatuluka mumlengalenga, monga ngati mlongoti.Izi zipangitsa kutayika kosafunikira kwa ma radiation ku gawo la mzere wa microstrip, ndipo kutayika kumawonjezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa ma frequency, zomwe zimabweretsanso zovuta kwa opanga madera omwe amaphunzira mzere wa microstrip kuti achepetse kuwonongeka kwa ma radiation.Pofuna kuchepetsa kutayika kwa ma radiation, mizere ya microstrip imatha kupangidwa ndi zida zoyendera zokhala ndi ma Dk.Komabe, kuwonjezeka kwa Dk kudzachepetsa kufalikira kwa mafunde a electromagnetic (okhudzana ndi mpweya), zomwe zimapangitsa kusintha kwa gawo lazizindikiro.Njira ina ndikuchepetsa kutayika kwa ma radiation pogwiritsa ntchito zida zocheperako pokonza mizere ya microstrip.Komabe, poyerekeza ndi zida zokulirapo zozungulira, zida zowonda kwambiri zimatha kutengeka kwambiri ndi makulidwe amkuwa, zomwe zingayambitsenso kusintha kwa gawo linalake.
Ngakhale kasinthidwe ka microstrip line circuit ndi kophweka, microstrip line circuit mu millimeter wave band imafuna kuwongolera kolondola.Mwachitsanzo, makulidwe a kondakitala omwe amayenera kuyendetsedwa mosamalitsa, ndipo kuchulukitsa pafupipafupi, kulekerera kumakhala kolimba kwambiri.Choncho, mzere microstrip mu millimeter yoweyula pafupipafupi gulu ndi tcheru kwambiri kusintha luso processing, komanso makulidwe a zinthu dielectric ndi mkuwa zakuthupi, ndi kulolerana zofunika kukula dera chofunika kwambiri okhwima.
Stripline ndi ukadaulo wodalirika wotumizira mawayilesi, omwe amatha kugwira ntchito yabwino pama frequency a millimeter wave.Komabe, poyerekeza ndi mzere wa microstrip, chowongolera chamzere chazunguliridwa ndi sing'anga, kotero sikophweka kulumikiza cholumikizira kapena madoko ena olowera / zotulutsa ku mzere wolumikizira kuti utumize ma siginecha.Mzerewu ukhoza kuwonedwa ngati chingwe chathyathyathya coaxial, momwe kondakitala amakulungidwa ndi dielectric wosanjikiza ndiyeno wokutidwa ndi stratum.Kapangidwe kameneka kamatha kupereka zodzipatula zamtundu wapamwamba kwambiri, ndikusunga kufalikira kwa chizindikiro muzinthu zozungulira (osati mumlengalenga).Mafunde a electromagnetic nthawi zonse amafalikira kudzera muzinthu zozungulira.Dera la stripline limatha kutsatiridwa molingana ndi mawonekedwe azinthu zozungulira, osaganizira mphamvu yamagetsi amagetsi mumlengalenga.Komabe, woyendetsa dera wozunguliridwa ndi sing'anga ali pachiwopsezo cha kusintha kwaukadaulo waukadaulo, ndipo zovuta za kudyetsa chizindikiro zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti mzerewu upirire, makamaka pakakhala kukula kwa cholumikizira chaching'ono pamafupipafupi a millimeter wave.Chifukwa chake, kupatula mabwalo ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ma radar amagalimoto, mizere ya mizere nthawi zambiri sagwiritsidwa ntchito pamayendedwe a millimeter wave.
Chithunzi 2 Mapangidwe ndi kuyerekezera kwa woyendetsa dera la GCPW ndi makonakiti (pamwamba pa chithunzi), koma woyendetsa amasinthidwa kukhala trapezoid (pansipa chithunzi), chomwe chidzakhala ndi zotsatira zosiyana pa mafupipafupi a millimeter wave.
Pazinthu zambiri zomwe zikubwera ma millimeter wave circuit zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kuyankha kwa gawo (monga radar yamagalimoto), zomwe zimayambitsa kusagwirizana kwa gawo ziyenera kuchepetsedwa.Dongosolo la ma millimeter wave frequency GCPW limakhala pachiwopsezo cha kusintha kwa zida ndi ukadaulo wopanga, kuphatikiza kusintha kwamtengo wa Dk ndi makulidwe a gawo lapansi.Kachiwiri, magwiridwe antchito a dera amatha kukhudzidwa ndi makulidwe a conductor yamkuwa komanso kuuma kwapamwamba kwa zojambulazo zamkuwa.Choncho, makulidwe a kondakitala mkuwa ayenera kukhala mkati kulolerana okhwima, ndi roughness pamwamba zojambulazo mkuwa ayenera kuchepetsedwa.Chachitatu, kusankha kwa zokutira pamtunda wa GCPW kungakhudzenso magwiridwe antchito a millimeter wave.Mwachitsanzo, dera logwiritsira ntchito mankhwala a nickel golide ali ndi kutaya kwa nickel kuposa mkuwa, ndipo nickel yokutidwa ndi pamwamba idzawonjezera kutayika kwa GCPW kapena microstrip line (Chithunzi 3).Potsirizira pake, chifukwa cha kutalika kochepa, kusintha kwa makulidwe a zokutira kudzachititsanso kusintha kwa gawo, ndipo mphamvu ya GCPW ndi yaikulu kuposa ya microstrip line.
Chithunzi 3 Mzere wa microstrip ndi dera la GCPW lomwe lawonetsedwa pachithunzichi limagwiritsa ntchito zida zozungulira zomwezo (Rogers' 8mil thick RO4003C ™ Laminate), kukopa kwa ENIG pa GCPW dera ndikokulirapo kuposa komwe kumayendera millimeter wave frequency.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-05-2022
